often be approximated by a metropolitan area or a rural county. Banks are assumed to set retail prices based on the …

Accurate information about electricity generation and consumption is crucial to power system modelling. Several … example, annual electricity generation from wind and solar power in Germany differs by as much as 10% - 20%, depending on who … provided, nor is it constant. The deviation is particularly worrying in Germany, where peak electricity demand might be …

The economics of electricity is shaped by its physics. A well know example is the non-storability of electricity that … causes its price to fluctuate widely. More generally, physical constraints cause electricity to be a heterogeneous good along … commonly used cost indicators such as "levelized electricity costs" and "grid parity". Heterogeneity is relevant for all …