representative democracy. The basic association, however, is conditioned on the relative strength of the indigenous groups within a … Europe a positive impulse towards the development of representative democracy. It shows that contemporary regimes are shaped …

income shock in the EU, compared to 32 per cent in the US. In the case of an unemployment shock 47 percent of the shock are … absorbed in the EU, compared to 34 per cent in the US. This cushioning of disposable income leads to a demand stabilization of … up to 30 per cent in the EU and up to 20 per cent in the US. There is large heterogeneity within the EU. Automatic …