Obtaining indicators on innovation activities of firms has been a challenge in economic research for a long time. The … throughputs in the innovation process. Output measurement of innovation has strongly been relying on survey data such as the … Community Innovation Survey (CIS), but suffers from several short-comings typical to sample surveys, including incomplete …

We study the implications of services trade for firm innovation. Using a quasi-experimental shift-share design, we find …’ innovation efficiency by mitigating decreasing economies of scale in in-house innovation efforts. As a result, firms become more … likely to outsource innovation efforts as they become more innovative, whereas the prevalence of offshoring depends on its …

Connections in Urban Innovation Systems -- International Standardization of the New Technology Paradigm: A Strategy for Royalty … depth the relevance of this concept for research on innovation systems. It examines text-mining software and analyzes patent … trends toward new innovation systems as well as the concentration and dispersion of national and corporate R&D capabilities …