explained better by a bank's current balance sheet composition, the longer the forecast horizon. The opposite holds for banks …

then use the model to run a top-down stress test and simulate losses on the individual bank level for the years from 2018 …

level of bank capital is. We use empirical evidence on UK banks to assess costs; we use data from shocks to incomes from a …

degree of centralisation. Whereas no such bank exists in the UK any longer and real savings banks in Spain have almost …. Short operational and (especially) functional distance and embeddedness in supportive regional bank associations. Short … regional level and reduce the need for standardisation, centralisation and bank mergers in times when interest rates are low. …

The regulation of bank capital as a means of smoothing the credit cycle is a central element of forthcoming macro …--on both questions, using a unique dataset. In the UK, regulators have imposed time-varying, bank-specific minimum capital …