In response to strong revenue and income losses that a large share of the self-employed faced during the COVID-19 pandemic, the German federal government introduced a €50bn emergency aid program. Based on real-time online-survey data comprising more than 20,000 observations, we analyze the...

We explore the role of social capital in the spread of the recent Covid-19 pan­demic in independent analyses for Austria, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Swe­den, Switzerland and the UK. We exploit within-country variation in social capital and Covid-19 cases to show that high-social-capital...

Employment responses to the COVID-19 crisis differed widely across German local labour markets at the beginning of the pandemic, with differences in short-time work rates of up to 20 percentage points. We show that digital capital, and to a lesser extent working-from-home, were essential for the...

Seit Anfang der 90er Jahre nimmt in der Bundesrepublik die Arbeitslosigkeit trotz fallender Lohnquote kontinuierlich zu. Haben wir die keynesianische Situation einer mangelnden Nachfrage auf den Gütermärkten? Kann die Arbeitslosigkeit durch eine expansivere Lohnpolitik abgebaut werden?