of intended and unintended knowledge spillovers for innovation output at the firm level. Among intended knowledge … spillovers, using knowledge from patents shows the strongest link to innovation output, particularly in case of product … knowledge source operate in a market environment characterized by high price competition, which incentivizes an innovation …

knowledge spillovers are unmeasurable, a 'goodness of fit' measure is constructed using innovation survey data. It turns out …In this paper it is tested which of the various alternative approaches for constructing knowledge spillover pools … that measures of the uncentered correlation of firm characteristics seem to fit actual knowledge spillovers best. Direct …

birthplace diversity increases the stock of available knowledge due to skill complementarities and decreases effciency due to …