tax benefit of debt (net and gross of investor taxes) and the debt ratio. A 10% increase in the net (gross) marginal tax … also be identified in a partial adjustment model. -- Debt ; capital structure ; marginal tax rate ; corporate taxes … simulate marginal tax rates, we find a statistically and economically significant positive relationship between the marginal …

firms rely heavily on equity financing, even though benefits associated with debt (like tax shields) appear to be high and …. Debt, however, has an adverse effect on the enforceability of these arrangements because too much debt increases the firm … analysis provides an explanation for why some firms only use little debt financing. Predictions made by our theory are in line …

such differential taxation on the debt ratio of firms. We exploit a 2009 tax reform in Germany as a quasi-experiment, which … leverage when the tax rate on interest income decreases, albeit to a small degree. -- Income taxation ; capital taxation …Tax competition for the mobile factor capital has led to a trend in many countries to levy lower taxes on interest …

risk on a larger scale, inducing risk-taking. This effect is more pronounced when bank leverage constraints are looser, or …

activities. For this purpose, I propose a novel measure of synthetic leverage, which can be estimated based on publicly available … information. In the empirical application, I show that German equity funds have increased their risk-taking via synthetic leverage …

incentives of bank levies to reduce leverage turn insignificant. Thus, bank levies can counteract the debt bias of taxation only …Regulatory bank levies set incentives for banks to reduce leverage. At the same time, corporate income taxation makes … funding through debt more attractive. In this paper, we explore how regulatory levies affect bank capital structure, depending …

market financing, debt or equity financing - seems to be particularly harmful or beneficial for growth. …

negatively related to credit spreads. Particularly during the financial crisis of 2007-09 and the subsequent European debt crisis …