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We consider the development of German federal research and technology (R&T) policies since the 1960s and sketch the evolution of today's highly differentiated and complex set of policy instruments. Advances from economic theory and empirical results are reflected in this evolution, but have not...
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Through a survey, economic value estimates were obtained on 962 inventions made in the United States and Germany and on … was subsequently cited. results from two wide-ranging surveys, one in Germany and one in the United States, support … expiration in environments such as Germany with highly progressive annual maintenance fees are more valuable and more highly …
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We develop an analysis of ex ante monitoring of risky projects in banking. If protected from competition, banks are more concerned about not catching good risk projects when the perceived state of the economy improves, while they are more concerned about being induced to finance bad risk...
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Patent renewal studies reveal a highly rightward-skewed distribution of patent values. Our approach elicits valuations approximating those of the patented invention. This paper focuses on the full-term patents of the application year 1977 held by West German and U.S. residents. The tail of...
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