-intensive processes. This could lead to carbon leakage. I provide empirical evidence whether energy price-induced offshoring occurs using …

While there is a consensus in the literature that offshoring has a polarising effect on the skill structure of labour … demand, little is known about its impact on the capital side. In this paper, we analyse the effect of offshoring on the …, we document that offshoring reduces the relative demand for non-ICT capital, thereby also polarising the demand for …

In oligopolistic industries that are unionised and may be affected by offshoring, falling offshoring costs have a …' domestic outside options. Only if the latter become sufficiently attractive will redistribution induce some offshoring, and it … is only at that level that further economic integration will lead to both wage moderation and offshoring activities …

In international politics, intergovernmental treaties provide the rules of the game. Similar to private law, treaty … measurement of flexibility in international treaties. Based on 400 treaties and supplementary agreements from the field of … international environmental law, we provide new insights into the combined application of rules for adoption and entry into force of …