countries (Austria, Belgium, France, Germany, the Netherlands and Sweden) for the period between 1965 and the mid-1990s. Results … Einwanderungsländern (Österreich, Belgien, Frankreich, Deutschland, Niederlande und Schweden) zwischen 1965 und Mitte der 1990er Jahre. Die … reveal quite different national approaches to the problem. Whereas in Sweden, France and Germany, migrants' linguistic …

Austria, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Swe­den, Switzerland and the UK. We exploit within-country variation in social …

subsidization program in Germany. We find that 38% of the aggregate subsidy accrues to the top two deciles of the population, but … inequality measures. This is due to two offsetting effects: a progressive one stemming from the subsidy schedule and a regressive …