relative wage and unemployment differentials for various labour market defining characteristics. A simultaneous increase in the … relative wage and the unemployment likelihood is defined as a relative wage rigidity dynamic for a labour market characteristic …

, a cointegration analysis of productivity, prices, real wages, employment, and the unemployment rate reveals two long run … display that price, demand, and labor supply shocks affect unemployment significantly in the short/medium run. Interestingly …This paper analyzes the dynamic effects of different macroeconomic shocks on unemployment in Germany. In a first step …

. Especially for unemployment we find large effects of an increased foreign share. We conjecture that these results might be … spurious. Foreigners tend to be concentrated in lower unemployment areas but unemployment tends to be mean reverting during the … boom period we study. This leads to a positive correlation between the instrument and the change in unemployment. Taking …

for the dramatic decline in employment and the unprecedented increase in unemployment in the east German economy. …