This paper re-visits the state of decentralised banking in Germany, Spain and the UK. The cross-country comparison we … conducted has identified Germany as having the most decentralised banking system, followed by Spain and the UK, as expected. The … degree of centralisation. Whereas no such bank exists in the UK any longer and real savings banks in Spain have almost …

We examine the impact of central bank digital currency (CBDC) on banks and the broader economy - drawing on novel … survey evidence and using a structural macroeconomic model with endogenous bank runs. A substantial share of German … respondents would include CBDCs in their portfolio in normal times - replacing, in part, commercial bank deposits. This is …

interbank lending. The rules, which combine individual bank characteristics and interconnectivity measures of interbank lending …

One of the main concerns associated with central bank digital currencies (CBDC) is the disintermediating effect on the … banking sector in general, and the risk of bank runs in times of crisis in particular. This paper examines the implications of … an interest-bearing CBDC on banking crises in a dynamic bank run model with a financial accelerator. The analysis …