withdrawal of its services from mainland China to assess the importance of access to information for the knowledge production … function of scientific scholars in the field of economics. For economists, a type of scholar with a simple knowledge production … neighboring regions, show that the scientific productivity declines by about 28% in volume and 30% in terms of citations. These …

Firms can use different sources of external knowledge for developing and implementing innovations. Some knowledge is … provided deliberately by the source and constitutes intended knowledge spillovers, e.g., knowledge disclosed in publications or … patent files. Other sources represent unintended knowledge spillovers, such as reverse engineering of technologies or hiring …