analyses to show that export orientation has a positive and significant impact on total factor productivity growth. We comment … the work reviewed along four lines. First, we address the question of properly identifying the degree of export bias of an … period selection. Third, we review the evidence with respect to the direct íon of causali ty between export and output growth …

Until today, the question of how digitalisation and, in particular, individual digital technologies affect productivity … analytics (BDA) on labour productivity (LP) at the firm level. We find that a simple binary measure indicating the mere usage of …