analyse the effect of both, coal and oil on economic growth between 1900 and 2015, exploiting variation at the level of … European NUTS2 and NUTS3 regions. We show that the reversal of fortune of coal regions resulted from the second energy … transition. Specifically, an “oil invasion” in the early 1960s turned regional coal abundance from a blessing into a curse. Human …

coal and oil on long-run economic growth, exploiting variation at the level of European NUTS-2 and NUTS-3 regions over the … last century. We show that an "oil invasion" in the early 1960s turned regional coal abundance from a blessing into a curse … key mechanism behind this reversal of fortune. Not only did former coal regions fail to accumulate sufficient levels of …

information about supply cuts for identification and find that gas supply and demand shocks have large and persistent price …We propose a structural vector-autoregressive model for the German natural gas market to investigate the impact of the … 2022 Russian supply stop on the German economy. We combine conventional and narrative sign restrictions to leverage …

This paper studies the effect of forward contracts on the stability of collusion among firms, competing in supply … functions on the spot market. A forward market can increase the range of discount factors which allow to sustain collusion. On … depend on the type (financial or physical) of contract fulfilment and are robust to different levels of demand uncertainty …