In this paper we relate a bank’s choice between retail and wholesale liabilities to real economic uncertainty and the … resulting volatility of bank loan volumes. We argue that since the volume of retail deposits is slow and costly to adjust to … shocks in the volume of bank assets, banks facing more intense uncertainty and more volatile loan demand tend to employ more …

This study investigates the bank competition-stability nexus using a unique regulatory dataset provided by the Deutsche … Bundesbank over the period 1994 to 2010. First, we use outright bank defaults as the most direct measure of bank risk available … and contrast the results to weaker forms of bank distress. Second, we control for a wide array of different time …