hypotheses for how cultural norms and national institutions might influence the gender-typing of occupations. These are tested by … indicate that girls develop gender-(a)typical occupational aspirations in response to structural education and labor market … differences across countries, while boys' gender-(a)typical aspirations are mainly influenced by country variations in normative …

We analyze the long-term effects of gender imbalances on female labor force participation, in particular in the market …

We present evidence on the role of the social environment for the development of gender differences in competitiveness … and earnings expectations. First, we document that the gender gap in competitiveness and earnings expectations is more … causally affects girls' willingness to compete and narrows both the gender gap in competitiveness as well as the gender gap in …

estimate how gender and race are asso ciated with each pathway. We identify five distinct pathways characterized by varying de … exclusion as well as recurrent spells of in-work poverty. Gender and race differences persist even after controlling for la bor …

This article considers the complexity of ea rly employment life-courses focusing on the heterogeneity by gender and …