-to-head competition with the seller, regardless of the level of horizontal differentiation. Mandating data-sharing, which allows the … competition in the downstream market. We then show that banning the hybrid business model and forbidding the use of data for price … competition comes from the platform's business model rather than from its information advantage. …

owner may obtain only a share of the target's profit but influence the target's strategy significantly. We show that the … merger, depending on how the protection of minority shareholders and transfer price regulations affect the scope for profit …