analyze transitions of workers between unemployment, regular employment and employment accompanied by welfare receipt. Working …. Our findings allow us to draw cautious conclusions on employment subsidies paid as welfare benefits. …

Generous income support programs as provided by European welfare states have often been blamed to hamper employment …

normal retirement age in Germany did not prolong employment of older men. The reason for this surprising result is that … employers encouraged their employees to use the bridge options unemployment or partial retirement instead of the early … retirement option for the long-term insured. Bridge options allowed employers to terminate employment considerably earlier than …

large, long-term photovoltaic invest scheme in Germany. Comparing counties with high and low unemployment both over time and …

downgraded employment, and of children to drop-out from education. While effects are stronger among vulnerable households …, coverage of social security does not provide enough support in coping with unemployment shocks. Instead, we find that mothers …