Modern production processes often involve several sequential stages which are performed in many different countries. This pattern of vertical specialization does not only affect trade between countries but it is also of importance for foreign direct investment (FDI). In this paper, we therefore...

We set up a two-country, regional model of trade in financial services. Competitive firms in each country manufacture non-traded consumer goods in an uncertain productive environment, borrowing funds from a bank in either the home or the foreign market. Duopolistic banks can choose their levels...