We study the technology sovereignty of Europe, the US, China, Japan, and Korea. By examining citations from PCT patents … influence. Finally, although China has filed the most patents in recent years, its dependence on all other countries amounts to …

firms may protect their inventions by means of intellectual property rights, such as patents. By taking out a patent … of patents on the dissemination of R&D findings is, however, insignificant. Therefore, we conclude that patent …

Standard-essential patents (SEPs) have become a key element of technical coordination in standard-setting organizations … approximating the standard essentiality of patents. We provide details on the procedure that generates the measure of standard …

We study the blocking effect of patents on follow-on innovation by others. We posit that follow-on innovation requires … patents on low-value original innovations, invalidation predominantly increases low-value followon innovation outside the … contrast, for patents on high-value original innovations, invalidation mainly increases high-value follow-on innovation in the …