normal retirement age in Germany did not prolong employment of older men. The reason for this surprising result is that … retirement option for the long-term insured. Bridge options allowed employers to terminate employment considerably earlier than … of the bridge options. Therefore mainly employers with high employment adaption costs induced employees to use a bridge …

: As the number of recently arrived refugees and thus the demand for locally produced goods increases, local employment …

five different skill groups. The micro-level data also allow the analysis of shifting employment patterns for a single …