framework is a bivariate volatility model, where volatility spillovers of either positive or negative sign are allowed for. Our … countries. Regarding the volatility spillovers, such spillovers from bond returns to those of stocks are stronger than the other … results show that by considering time-varying return and volatility spillovers when calculating the risk-minimising portfolio …

VARs. To address these issues, we propose VAR models with outlier-augmented stochastic volatility (SV) that combine … transitory and persistent changes in volatility. The resulting density forecasts are much less sensitive to outliers in the data … the pandemic period, as well as for earlier subsamples of relatively high volatility. In historical forecasting, outlier …

-time data flow as well as parameter uncertainty and time-varying volatility. In addition, we develop a fast estimation algorithm …