less educated consumers with lower savings are most affected. Our findings highlight the important role of competition …

when there are no searchers (local monopoly power) or when there are many searchers (and sellers opt to collude). We test …

We analyze platform competition where user data is collected to improve adtargeting. Considering that users incur … overall competition is weak or if targeting benefits are low, too much private data is collected, and vice-versa. Further, we … find that softer competition on either market side leads to more data collection, which implies substitutability between …