-to-head competition with the seller, regardless of the level of horizontal differentiation. Mandating data-sharing, which allows the … competition in the downstream market. We then show that banning the hybrid business model and forbidding the use of data for price … competition comes from the platform's business model rather than from its information advantage. …

regulatory competition when banks are heterogeneous and give loans to firms that produce output in an integrated market. In this …

This paper provides a novel rationale for the regulation of market size when heterogeneous firms compete. A regulator … number of licenses. Opening up the market for more firms has a two-fold effect: it increases competition and thus welfare … regulator hence faces a trade-off between raising beneficial competition and detrimental costs. If goods are sufficiently …

less educated consumers with lower savings are most affected. Our findings highlight the important role of competition …