Production functions provide a mapping from the firms' input quantity and productivity to output quantity. This mapping …

groups. We exploit quasi-random variation in vessels in port from weather events far out in the ocean to estimate how port … traffic influences air pollution and human health. We find that one additional vessel in a port over a year leads to 3 ….0 hospital visits per thousand Black residents within 25 miles of the port and only 1.0 per thousand for whites. We assess a port …