retrospective approach looks backward from 1985 using information about the year of migration, the year of marriage, and the … examined. It turns out that besides nation-specific differences, years since migration, years since marriage, the degree of …

This paper assesses the consequences of EU enlargement for East West migration. In the theoretical part, we identify … several factors in addition to the reduction of moving costs by which EU membership influences migration. Specifically, EU … increased current migration. Additionally, casual evidence from the 1980s EU South enlargement is examined. Since then no …