In public sector procurement, social welfare often depends on the time taken to complete the contract. A leading … departments have introduced innovative contracting methods based on scoring auctions that give contractors explicit time …

. The goal is to (i) maximize the mean social welfare arising from an eventual outcome distribution, when a budget …

the three primary methods, fixed price public offers, auctions, and book building, auctions are least popular with issuers …. Since auctions allow for price discovery while avoiding the potential conflict of interest between issuer and underwriter …: namely, that participating in auctions is substantially more difficult for investors compared to the other methods, and that …