This paper examines a novel mechanism linking fertility and growth. Household fertility is determined by relative wages … of women and men. Increasing women's wages reduces fertility by raising the cost of children relatively more than … household income. Lower fertility raises the level of capital per worker which in turn, since capital is more complementary to …

We provide evidence that lower fertility can simultaneously increase income per capita and lower carbon emissions …, eliminating a trade-off central to most policies aimed at slowing global climate change. We estimate the effect of lower fertility … on carbon emissions accounting for the fact that changes in fertility patterns affect carbon emissions through three …