Can patent protection and product market competition complement each other in enhancing incentives to innovate? In this … product market competition interact with the strength of patent rights. We provide empirical evidence of innovation responding … positively to the product market reform in industries of countries where patent rights are strong, not where these are weak. The …

after the end of the process and fully exploit their bargaining leverage, then patent holders aspire to disclose always … after the end of the process. However, if a patent holder cannot rely on the other participants to always contribute to the … cross-licensing agreements that eliminate the strategic aspect of patent disclosure, and show that, in an institutional …

this compensation requirement. Compensation is provided either through lump-sum industry tax credits or industry …-specific cuts in capital tax rates. We decompose the added costs from the compensation requirement into (1) an increase in … "intrinsic abatement cost," reflecting a lowered efficiency of pollution abatement, and (2) a "lump-sum compensation cost" that …

that, under a regime in which frozen out minority shareholders receive a compensation equal to the pre-freezeout market …