. Further, there is now a consensus on adopting more ambitious goals on poverty reduction. Defining social protection as a … collection of programs that address risk, vulnerability, inequality and poverty through a system of transfers in cash or in kind …: Indicators of Resilience and Equity (ASPIRE) data set. Focusing on the goal of ending poverty, the paper estimates that social …

income, migration cost and poverty line conditions under which a poverty gradient from rural to town to city will exist as an …Should public investment be targeted to big cities or to small towns, if the objective is to minimize national poverty …