trends in unconditional firm level and aggregated output volatility in Germany are similar. There has been a long … Moderationʺ can be found in firm level data as well remains disputed. We study the evolution of firm level output volatility using …-run downward trend, which was interrupted by the unification period. Second, the conditional, idiosyncratic firm level volatility …

From a theoretical point of view, greater trade openness affects firm-level volatility by changing the exposure and the … link between openness and volatility. Using two novel datasets on German firms, we analyze the evolution of firm …-level output volatility and the link between volatility and trade openness. We find that firm-level output volatility displays …