Hausman (1978) developed a widely-used model specification test that has passed the test of time. In this paper, we show that the asymptotic variance of the difference of the two estimators can be a singular matrix. Three illustrative examples are used, namely an exogeneity test for the linear...

This paper investigates some structural properties of a family of GARCH processes. A simple sufficient condition for the existence of the αδ-order stationary solution of the processes is derived, where α ∈ (0, 1] and δ 0. The solution is strictly stationary and ergodic, and the causal...

In this paper we examine the asymptotic properties of the estimator of the long-run coefficient (LRC) in a dynamic regression model with integrated regressors and serially correlated errors. We show that the OLS estimators of the regression coefficients are inconsistent but the OLS-based...

This paper examines risk transmission and migration among six US measures of credit and market risk during the full period 2004–2011 period and the 2009–2011 recovery subperiod, with a focus on four sectors related to the highly volatile oil price. There are more long-run equilibrium risk...

Existing studies examining the Granger causality relationship between energy consumption and GDP use a panel of countries but implicitly assume that the panels are homogeneous. This paper extends the Granger causality relationship between energy consumption and GDP by taking into account panel...