We develop a 2×2×2 model with the following features: (1) one sector is perfectly competitive while the other is oligopolistic; (2) one country has unemployment while the other attains full employment; (3) oligopolists move internationally; and (4) the ownership of each oligopolist is...

We develop a new methodology to analyse spillovers between the real and financial sides of the economy that employs a mixed-frequency modelling approach. This enables high-frequency financial and low-frequency macroeconomic data series to be employed directly, avoiding the data aggregation and...

This paper provides a review of some recent theoretical results for time series models with GARCH errors, and is directed towards practitioners. Starting with the simple ARCH model and proceeding to the GARCH model, some results for stationary and nonstationary ARMA-GARCH are summarized. Various...

Least squares (LS) and maximum likelihood (ML) estimation are considered for unit root processes with GARCH (1, 1) errors. The asymptotic distributions of LS and ML estimators are derived under the condition alpha + beta 1. The former has the usual unit root distribution and the latter is a...

This paper examines stationary and nonstationary time series by formally testing for the presence of unit roots and seasonal unit roots prior to estimation, model selection and forecasting. Various Box-Jenkins Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) models are estimated over the period...

This paper investigates some structural properties of a family of GARCH processes. A simple sufficient condition for the existence of the αδ-order stationary solution of the processes is derived, where α ∈ (0, 1] and δ 0. The solution is strictly stationary and ergodic, and the causal...