In Finland, passenger transport services funded from public resources are not the responsibility of a single authority. Instead, a number of different authorities manage the administration, procurement and planning of a range of passenger transport services. In 2012, the Ministry of Transport...

Public transport patronage has been continuously declining in major Korean cities as levels of car ownership rise. Public transport has lost its competitive edge to private cars because people tend to prefer more convenient modes as their income increases. A promising way to reverse this trend...

This paper reviews evidence on the performance of urban public transport governance regimes in place in the Netherlands over the past 15 years. The national government decided to move from a system of ad hoc subsidy payments to one with more decentralised government control and tendering, though...

This paper explores the experience of developed countries that have introduced greater private sector involvement to traditionally government owned and run urban public transport industries. Such reforms have generally been driven by a desire to reduce taxpayer costs and to improve services for...

In order to meet the challenges of providing affordable public transit services for the urban poor and at a cost that doesn't impinge on the system's financial sustainability, cities can consider setting fares at "cost recovery" levels for the majority of the population and targeting subsidies...

The responsibility for ordinary public transport and the various special transport services are in the hands of several different authorities and organisations in Norway. Grappling with questions about how to keep the costs down, while retaining a good quality service level in rural areas, there...

This report looks at the policies and programmes Chile has been putting in place over the past few decades to foster the development of public transport in remote communities. In particular, it has been taking a regional approach and encouraging private investment in transport.