This paper analyzes the effects of language practice on earnings among adult male immigrants in Canada using the 1991 … Census. Earnings are shown to increase with schooling, pre-immigration experience and duration in Canada, as well as with … languages enhances the effects on earnings of schooling and pre-immigration labor market experience. Language proficiency and …

criteria can ration visas on one or more characteristics that enhance labor market earnings (e.g., education), or on …

considerable growth in earnings; others can hardly maintain their entry salaries. This article sheds light on the mechanisms … generating the observed heterogeneity in earnings progression by investigating the effects of on-the-job human capital … acquisition, explicit short-run incentives and career concern incentives on earnings progression. The model leads to predictions …

country. We also consider the earnings implications of these immigrant networks for recent arrivals. The empirical evidence … positive effect on their hourly wage and their level of weekly earnings. …

augments a conventional human capital earnings function with information on occupations. It also estimates models of … occupational attainment. The results from both the earnings function and model of occupational attainment indicate that the limited …

sector wage setting and trade unions, in determining earnings differences across different types of employment. To do this we … use the KwaZulu-Natal Income Dynamics Study data from South Africa, which show extremely large average earnings … the earnings differentials within the private sector, including the union premium, but cannot explain the large premiums …

questions: (1) To what extent does a composite measure of ability affect an entrepreneur's earnings relative to employees? (2 …) Do different cognitive abilities (e.g. math ability, language ability) and social ability affect earnings of … entrepreneurs and employees differently?, and (3) Does the balance in these measured ability levels affect an individual's earnings …