The literature suggests that competition among schools might increase quality. However, not much empirical evidence is … present as only a few countries allow competition at a large scale. One exception is the Netherlands. Free parental choice is … Netherlands we show that there is a relation between competition and student achievement in upper secondary education, but that it …

One of the reasons why regulators are hesitant about permitting price competition in healthcare markets is that it may … admissions to Dutch hospitals, we find no evidence that increased exposure to price competition reduces quality measured by …