. Information provision is preferable when uncertainty is high, as information is more valuable at this time. …

demand uncertainty. For the case of a given number of vehicles, the analysis shows that carrier collaboration increases …

. We find that price sensitivity and its interplay with uncertainty have important implications for the effects of tolling … uncertainty, but it lowers welfare with uncertain capacity. Next, "third-best" tolling adds the further constraint that, besides a …-best one-raise the price compared to the no-toll case. In our numerical study, when there is less uncertainty, the second …