worker buys an insurance, which gives a constant income and retirement benefits in exchange for the total output. The level …

We formally link insurance markets with product markets and identify a demand effect of insurance: if risk …-averse consumers can buy insurance against possible product failure, there will be some additional consumers that buy the product … have a higher willingness to pay if they can also buy insurance. But a higher price causes those consumers to leave the …

ofthis theory of capital structure evolution is that optimal capital structure is essentiallydynamic, and depends on the firm …’s stock price, implying that firms issue equity when stockprices are high and debt when stock prices are low. The theory … testablepredictions. Moreover, the theory can rationalize the use of debt in the absence of taxes,agency costs or signaling considerations. …

the insurance sector. The downside risk of insurers is explicitly modelled by common and idiosyncratic risk factors. Since … results point to a relatively low insurance sector wide risk. Dependence among insurers is higher than among reinsurers. …