!o them, as is predicted by household location theory. …

Reimbursement of commuting costs by employers has attracted little attention from economists. We develop a theoretical … frictions and show that partial reimbursement of commuting cost will in general be an element of the recruitment policy. The … alternative explanation that stresses the role of tax incentives is unlikely to provide a full explanation of the commuting costs …

In this paper, we derive a structural model for commuting speed. We presumethat commuting speed is chosen to minimise … commuting costs, which encompass bothmonetary and time costs. At faster speed levels, the monetary costs increase, but the …

reduce their commuting costs by reducing total labour supply. However, a labour supply model which also allows for optimally … chosen daily hours implies that commuting costs increase daily hours, whereas the effect on total labour supply is ambiguous …. This paper addresses this issue empirically by analysing the relationship between labour supply patterns and commuting …