I develop an index for economic integration accounting for its gradual and bilateral nature: the Gradual And Bilateral … Integration (GABI) index. The graduality captures differences in the depth and path of five stages in economic integration and is …

integration benchmark which consists of the steady state production equilibrium characterized by free trade and perfect factor … economic integration in 2009 are remarkably close across regions. For example, we calculate that economic integration in the …

European economic integration is commonly believed to be incomplete, and that further reforms are needed. In this … context, the union of U.S. states is considered the benchmark of complete economic integration and is often the basis for … comparison regarding the extent of E.U economic integration. Yet, with low trade barriers and with productive factors at least …

This paper studies the degree of integration of China's domestic market and investigates the determinants of inter …-provincial trade barriers under the rubric endogenoustrade policy theory. I rely on industry-level trade flows extracted from …

for the closer integration with Russia and the impact of this process on Belarus growth led us to the conclusion that the … integration in the form of a non-exclusive Free Trade Area and within the framework of a wider set of international connections …