Approximation formulae are developed for the bias of ordinary andgeneralized Least Squares Dummy Variable (LSDV) estimators in dynamicpanel data models. Results from Kiviet (1995, 1999) are extended tohigher-order dynamic panel data models with general covariancestructure. The focus is on...

We develop a New Keynesian model where all payments between agents require bank deposits through deposits-in-advance constraints, bank deposits are created through disbursement of bank loans, and banks face a convex lending cost. At the zero lower bound on deposit rates (ZLBD), changes in policy...

The stability of the demand for real Ml in Indonesia is empirically examinedusing quarterly data between 1981 and 2002. A cointegrated VAR methodology thatisolates the period of structural breaks in the data generating process of the variables,caused by the Asian crisis, is used. The results...

A flurry of recent articles has argued on the basis of constructed European widemonetary aggregates that the demand for EURO's will be more stable than thecurrent demand for national currencies. In policy circles this seeminglymoderating effect of monetary integration figures as an additional...