We examine how the gender of a sibling affects earnings, education and family formation. Identification is complicated … by parental preferences: if parents prefer certain sex compositions over others, childrenś gender affects not only the … based on the gender of the other twin. We find that the gender of the sibling influences both men and women, but in a …

school graduates implies:blacks have a 9% lower productivity level than whites;the disutility factor in employer …

-2016. We compare short-term and long-term differences in employment of Dutch graduates with graduates from Moroccan, Turkish …, Antillean and Surinamese origin and other (non-)western countries. The analyses focus on graduates from secondary vocational … education, which is a group of graduates with many people from ethnic minorities. We document ethnic employment gaps by using an …