for boys. For non-cognitive skills, we find the opposite. We show in a simple model of parental investment that gender … preferences can explain our findings. Analyses exploiting within the province, village-level variation in gender attitudes confirm … the importance of parental gender preferences. Consequently, large scale programs can have positive (and possibly …

unexpectedly increased education attainment as more students chose to complete the next school stage. This impact is almost … reduced school costs combined with strongly non-linear returns to female education. …

We examine how the gender of a sibling affects earnings, education and family formation. Identification is complicated … by parental preferences: if parents prefer certain sex compositions over others, childrenś gender affects not only the … based on the gender of the other twin. We find that the gender of the sibling influences both men and women, but in a …

Women are often less willing than men to compete, even in tasks where there is no gender gap in performance. Also, many … explain the gender gap in competitiveness. Experiment 1 studies whether stress responses (measured with salivary cortisol and … voluntary competition. We find that while the mandatory competition does increase stress levels, there is no gender difference …

compete is a predictor of individual and gender differences in career decisions and labor market outcomes. However, most … existing evidence comes from the top of the education and talent distribution. In this study, we use incentivized choices from … more than 1500 Swiss lower-secondary school students to ask how the gender gap in willingness to compete varies with …

competitiveness; how they predict individual and gender differences in career outcomes including income, holding a leadership position …