We analyze the impact of obsolescence of economic inventions by incorporating maintenance costsin the endogenous growth … model of expanding product varieties. This contrasts with the existingliterature, which ignores maintenance costs and uses … the model of quality improvements todescribe obsolescence. If the maintenance costs become too high, the operating profits …

This paper discusses several strategies for the maintenance of light standards, where each light standard consists of n … average maintenance cost of the Europe Combined Terminals with approximately 8.3%. …

road is repaired through a maintenance action that is considered as most cost-effective. Because of economies of scale it … is to a certain extent economical to limit the number of maintenance services by integrating neighboring segments into a … adopt a maintenance concept in which the road is occasionally regenerated from junction to junction with a distance of …