compares three aggregate indicators of sustainability: the World Bank’s ‘Genuine Savings’ measure, the ‘Ecological Footprint …’ and the ‘Environmental Sustainability Index’. It is concluded that rankings of sustainable nations vary significantly …

-As-You-Go (PAYG) social security, and the mix ofPAYG and savings for retirement provision in a small open economy. It shows that … above the expected growth rate of the economy and when thegovernment has a lifetime perspective of the risk exposure. The … paper also provides acondition for partial displacement of savings by the PAYG, which is in line with vastempirical evidence. …

Empirical measures of world consumption growth risk have failed to rationalize the cross-section of country equity … returns. We propose a new factor, termed "the global consumption factor", to explain the patterns in risk premiums on … from 47 developed and emerging market countries over a four-decade period. Our risk factor reflects changes in the cross …

Sustainability ratings help consumers understand the environmental impact of their purchases. Such ratings have …. These results question the potential effectiveness of sustainability ratings for other products, such as food, where the … consumers use sustainability ratings when these ratings are dissociated from private benefit, i.e. product quality. Participants …