is that the creation of intangibles is largely achieved by human capital investment and requires lower upfront outlays …In response to technological change, U.S. corporations have been investing more in intangible capital. This …. Firms can self-finance the retention of human capital by granting deferred equity compensation. Interestingly, retaining …

This paper presents results of a meta-regression analysis on empirical estimates of capital-energy substitution … capital-energy substitution, they are almost entirely outweighed by the negative income effect brought about by energy price … pattern does not hold. Our findings therefore suggest that actual changes in the demand for capital due to energy price …

within-industry firm heterogeneity. We find that firm size, capital intensity, distance to the industry technology frontier …