Austria has low levels of labour migration from non-EU/EFTA countries. At the same time, intra-EU free mobility has … grown significantly and since 2011, overall migration for employment is above the OECD average. It recently reformed its … labour migration system, making it more ready to accept labour migrants where they are needed, especially in medium …

Norway is characterised by very high levels of migration from within the European Economic Area (EEA) and growing but … small scale labour migration from countries outside the EEA. In this context, the challenge for managing discretionary … labour migration is to ensure it complements EEA flows. High-skilled workers who come to Norway often leave, even if their …

The OECD series Recruiting Immigrant Workers comprises country studies of labour migration policies. Each volume … analyses whether migration policy is being used effectively and efficiently to help meet labour needs, without adverse effects … on labour markets. It focuses mainly on regulated labour migration movements over which policy has immediate and direct …