Africa. Five challenges resulting from this crisis are identified: a production challenge, an underutilization challenge, a … confidently offered. -- labor market ; health care ; Africa …

indicate that employment and energy use are strongly linked in Africa. Unidirectional causality from employment to energy use … estimates did not indicate any causality in Big African players like South Africa, Nigeria, Morocco, Ghana and Senegal. …

Every year millions of young adults join the labor market in Africa. This paper uses the Jobs of the World Database to … similar at similar levels of development but young adults in Africa are less likely to have a salaried job, especially when …

outcomes as well as in other middle-income countries in southern Africa. …

Using micro panel data, labor market transitions are analyzed for the EU-member states by cumulative year … analyses mainly refer to female labor supply. In search for important determinants of these transitions, six EU-countries with …

who have been trained in Europe could set a new course. -- Migration ; migration effects ; EU Eastern enlargement ; free …

The Eastern enlargement of the EU was an institutional impetus to the migration potential in Europe. While the overall … numbers of migrants from the new member states in the EU15 increased between 2003 and 2007, this increase was distributed … unevenly among countries. The proportion of these migrants in the EU15 remains smaller than that of non-EU27 migrants. The …

The numbers of migrants from the accessions countries have clearly increased since the enlargement of the EU in 2004 …. Following enlargement, the net inflow of EU8 immigrants has become 2.5 times larger than the four-year period before enlargement …. Poles constitute the largest immigrant group among the EU8 immigrants: since enlargement, 63% of all immigrants and 71% of …