indicate that employment and energy use are strongly linked in Africa. Unidirectional causality from employment to energy use … estimates did not indicate any causality in Big African players like South Africa, Nigeria, Morocco, Ghana and Senegal. …

or process and carry out an empirical analysis with a focus on Africa using firm-level data from the World Bank … and foster innovation. The probability of innovation as a result of short-term mobility is 0.4 higher in Africa overall … - especially in East Africa - vis-à-vis the rest of the world, and strongest in the case of innovation in products and services …

-Saharan Africa. It first presents a model where firm creation requires entrepreneurial search and paying the start-up costs, while …

, and innovation in Africa. Using data from 34 African countries over the period 2011-2016 sourced from the World Bank …, and trade. Short-term labour mobility thus emerges in Africa, too, as a prospective policy lever to generate new …

We compare labor market policies, institutions and outcomes for the EU member states, for the period 2000-2005. We … document the main differences in Labor Market Policies across EU members, including new member states after 2004. We focus on …

' employment decisions. The results for a sample of 32 countries show that both strategies have been more intense in the EU-15 …